First aid for cats and dogs

There are many high-risk situations involving our four-legged friends, most of which occur without warning. As a responsible owner, it's crucial to know basic first aid so that you can act quickly in the event of injury or medical emergency.

After giving first aid, consult a vet immediately. Even if the situation seems under control, animals may have specific medical needs.

Assess your pet's situation

Before giving first aid, make sure the surrounding area is safe for you and your pet. Assess the situation for any potential danger.

Dogs and cats are likely to become anxious or aggressive if they are injured. Use gloves if necessary to avoid bites or scratches. If your pet finds themselves in one of their pieces of designer cat or dog furniture, take care not to oppress them.

Cats and dogs can be sensitive to stressful situations. Speak gently to calm the animal and avoid sudden movements. A calm animal is easier to care for in an emergency.

Managing your cat or dog's wounds

• Minor bleeding: Apply light pressure using a clean cloth or sterile bandage.
• Major bleeding: Use a clean bandage or cloth and apply firm pressure. If possible, elevate the injured area.
• Open wounds: Gently clean with saline solution or warm soapy water. Cover the wound with a clean dressing.
• Burns: Cool the affected area under cold water for 10 to 15 minutes to minimise damage.

Suspecting a fracture in your pet

If you suspect a fracture, gently immobilise the affected area using a splint or any rigid object available. Make sure your pet cannot move the injured area.

My pet is choking, what should I do?

f your cat or dog is choking, try to remove the obstructing object carefully. Use the Heimlich manoeuvre technique for animals if necessary.

For a large dog:

1. Stand behind the dog and put your arms around its waist.
2. Locate the area just below the ribs, where the floating ribs are.
3. Place your closed fist (hand under the other hand) against this area.
4. Apply firm, rapid pressure inwards and upwards towards the spine. This should compress the abdomen and help expel the obstructing object.
5. Repeat this manoeuvre if necessary until the object is expelled or the animal can breathe again.

For a small dog or cat:

1. Place the animal in a standing or sitting position.
2. Place your hand under the chest, just below the ribs.
3. Use your closed fist to exert a rapid, gentle compression inwards and upwards towards the spine.
4. Repeat this manoeuvre if necessary until the object is expelled or the animal can breathe again.

It is essential to be gentle and careful when performing the Heimlich manoeuvre on any animal, particularly cats and small dogs, to avoid causing further injury. After successfully removing the object or restoring the animal's breathing, consult a vet immediately to ensure there are no internal injuries or other underlying medical problems.

Shock or hypothermia in animals: what to do

Keep your cat or dog warm by wrapping them in a blanket.

Cats in shock may have a reduced body temperature, and covering them up can help them maintain their body heat and stabilise. Make sure the blanket is not too warm or too thick, as this could cause overheating. Animals in distress may need comfort and warmth to stabilise their condition.

It is important to keep a close eye on the animal in shock and to seek veterinary advice quickly. Shock can be caused by a variety of situations, including serious injury or medical problems, and requires immediate medical attention.